The Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC). (2013). Produce Outbreak Data. Prepared by CORE Post Response Team on January 13, 2013.
D'Lima, C., & Vierk, K. (2011). Memorandum to the Record. In: Produce Related Outbreaks and Illnesses. Food and Drug Administration.
Merriweather, S., Cloyd, T.C., & Gubernot, D. (2015). Memorandum to the File — Produce Related Outbreaks and Illnesses 2011–2014. In: Produce Related Outbreaks and Illnesses. Food and Drug Administration.
Iowa State University Extension and Outreach: Lesson 4 Food Safety—FATTOM
Food and Drug Administration. (2011). Fish and fishery products hazards and controls guidance. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
Special note: The sanitizers/disinfectants listed in the above resource are not suitable for food contact surfaces, but could be used in other areas, such as restrooms.
Scallan, E., Hoekstra, R.M., Angulo, F.J., Tauxe, R.V., Widdowson, M.A., Roy, S.L., Jones, J.L., & Griffin, P.M. (2011). Foodborne illness acquired in the United States—major pathogens. Emerg Infect Dis, 17(1), 7–15.
Scallan, E., Griffin, P.M., Angulo, F.J., Tauxe, R.V., & Hoekstra, R.M. (2011). Foodborne illness acquired in the United States—unspecified agents. EmergInfect Dis, 17(1), 16.
Sivapalasingam, S., Friedman, C.R., Cohen, L., & Tauxe, R.V. (2004). Fresh produce: a growing cause of outbreaks of foodborne illness in the United States, 1973 through 1997. J Food Prot, 67(10), 2342–2353.
Slide 17 - Produce Safety Challenges
Beuchat, L.R. (2002). Difficulties in eliminating human pathogenic microorganisms on raw fruits and vegetables. In XXVI International Horticultural Congress: Horticulture, Art and Science for Life-The Colloquia Presentations, 642, 151–160.
Fatemi, P., LaBorde, L.F., Patton, J., Sapers, G.M., Annous, B., & Knabel, S.J., (2006). Influence of punctures, cuts and apple surface morphologies on penetration and growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7. J Food Prot, 69(2), 267–275.
Slide 18 - Contamination Sources
Beuchat, L.R. (2002). Ecological factors influencing survival and growth of human pathogens on raw fruits and vegetables. Microb Infect, 4(4), 413–423.
Park, S., Szonyi, B., Gautam, R., et al. (2012). Risk factors for microbial contamination in fruits and vegetables at the pre-harvest level: a systematic review. J Food Prot, 75(11), 2055–2081.
Strawn, L.K., Fortes, E.D., Bihn, E.A., et al. (2013). Landscape and meteorological factors affecting prevalence of three food-borne pathogens in fruit and vegetable farms. Appl Environ Micro, 79(2), 588–600.
Slide 19 - How Contamination Is Spread: Humans
Todd, E., Greig, J.D., Bartleson, C.A., & Michaels, B.S. (2009). Outbreaks where food workers have been implicated in the spread of foodborne disease. Part 6. Transmission and survival of pathogens in the food processing and preparation environment. J Food Prot, 72(1), 202–219.
Slide 20 - How Contamination Is Spread: Soil Amendments
Erickson, M.C., et al. (2014). Examination of factors for use as potential predictors of human enteric pathogen survival in soil. J Appl Micro, 116(2), 335–349.
Slide 21 - How Contamination Is Spread: Animals
Jay, M.T., Cooley, M., Carychao, D., et al. (2007). Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Feral Swine near Spinach Fields and Cattle, Central California Coast. Emerg Infect Dis, 13(12), 1908–1911.
Islam, M., Doyle, M.P., Phatak, S.C., Millner, P., & Jiang, X. (2004). Persistence of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in soil and on leaf lettuce and parsley grown in fields treated with contaminated manure composts or irrigation water. J Food Prot, 67(7), 1365–1370.
Slide 22 - How Contamination Is Spread: Water
Bihn, E.A., Smart, C.D., Hoepting, C.A., & Worobo, R.W. (2013). Use of Surface Water in the Production of Fresh Fruits and Vegetables: A Survey of Fresh Produce Growers and Their Water Management Practices. Food Prot Trends, 33(5), 307–314.
Mootian, G., Wu, W.H., Matthews, K.R. (2009). Transfer of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from soil, water, and manure contaminated with low numbers of the pathogen to lettuce plants. J Food Prot, 72(11), 2308–2312.